Proto-North-Socoan language

Proto-North-Socoan (PNS) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the North-Socoan language family.

Consonants

 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

! colspan=2 | ! Labial ! Alveolar ! Palatal ! Uvular ! colspan=2 | Nasal ! rowspan=2 | Plosive/ Affricate ! voiceless ! voiced ! colspan=2 | Fricative ! colspan=2 | Approximant ! colspan=2 | Rhotic
 * + Consonant phonemes of Proto-North-Socoan
 * m || n || ɲ ⟨ñ⟩ || ɴ ⟨g⟩
 * p || t || t͡ɕ ~ ɕ ⟨c⟩ || q
 * b || d || ||
 * || s || ʃ ⟨š⟩ ||
 * w || l || j ||
 * || r || || ʁ ⟨x⟩
 * }

The plosives /t, d/ are realised as dental [t̪, d̪].

Vowels

 * {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"

! rowspan=2 | ! colspan=2 | Front ! colspan=2 | Central ! colspan=2 | Back ! short ! long ! short ! long ! short ! long ! Close ! Mid ! Open
 * + Vowel phonemes of Proto-North-Socoan
 * i || iː ⟨ī⟩ || || || u || uː ⟨ū⟩
 * e || eː ⟨ē⟩ || ə || || o || oː ⟨ō⟩
 * || || a || aː ⟨ā⟩ || ||
 * }

Grammar
Proto-North-Socoan is a synthetic language with a moderate degree of fusionality. The grammar and vocabulary of Proto-North-Socoan has been influenced by Ancient Xi.

Nouns
Proto-North-Socoan nouns inflect for eight cases. It features tripartite alignment.

Verbs
Verbs in Proto-North-Socoan are inflected for tense and aspect.

Syntax
Proto-North-Socoan is an verb–object–subject language. Adjectives follow nouns; adverbs follow verbs; possessors precede possessees.